Thursday, January 19, 2006
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It's time for another language digression, and this time the topic is corn. Of course the topic is corn, I am a Hoosier after all (OED: Hoosier: a. a native or inhabitant of the state of Indiana. b. An inexperienced, awkward, or unsophisticated person.). It's always struck me as odd that not only do British pizzas often come with sweetcorn as a topping, but also that they call it "sweetcorn" in the first place. We Hoosiers would just call it "corn", and we sure know about corn1. As it turns out, this is one of those sneaky linguistic differences that easily passes under the radar. In American English (see dictionary.com), "corn" refers specifically to a plant known as Zea mays, and the grains or kernels thereof. And also an ear of the same. This plant, in British English, goes by "maize", because UK "corn" is fairly synonymous with US "grain": a more general term referring to any type of cereal (OED: wheat, rye, barley, oats, maize, rice, etc.), and often simply refers to the main crop of a particular area. UK "sweetcorn" is the edible part of maize, I suppose (to be honest, I haven't ever noticed British speakers using the term "maize", but sometimes I suppress my Hoosier heritage by limiting my conversations about grain and cereals). Apparently (i.e., according to the OED), US usage of "corn" is a shortened form of the original (British) reference to maize as "Indian corn" (i.e., that cereal grown by the Indians). I guess the "Indian" part was dropped when the Indians "decided" to move west to land where cultivating crops was more of a challenge. Anyway, if you're a Hoosier in the UK looking for a cornfield, don't be surprised if it doesn't have any corn in it.

1For example, the custom of "corning houses" at Halloween. Feral youths go into cornfields and collect loads of corn kernels (quite dry at this time of year, as they've been left to go to seed, or to be fed to pigs, or something. Erm, you can see I'm only loosely acquainted with agricultural practice). When thrown at houses, the kernels make a rattling noise, just like, ummm, there's corn being thrown at your house. It's really fun and a great alternative to driving up and down the main drag. Never mind the much-reviled slogan for a rather low-rent amusement park, "There's more than corn in Indiana" (proper retort: "There's soybeans too").
Thursday, January 19, 2006 2:24:38 PM (GMT Standard Time, UTC+00:00)
Well in Southern Indiana we actually do call the human preferred soft corn, "sweetcorn" some of the old folks even call it "roast'n ears." Among the farming world "corn" refers to the harder varieties that are ground for products like corn chips and animal feeds. And trust me there is a huge taste difference between the two. Boiled "corn," even younger softer ears, doesn't taste anything like boiled "sweetcorn." LOL
Thursday, January 19, 2006 3:05:44 PM (GMT Standard Time, UTC+00:00)
Interesting comment, thanks! I feel like I've heard "sweetcorn" used in the same way, maybe by older relatives (north central Hoosier).

You've also given a good example of how terms can have more specific meanings when used in a technical sense, or by experts in a particular domain.
Thursday, January 19, 2006 6:53:44 PM (GMT Standard Time, UTC+00:00)
I didn't even get halfway through your first paragraph without that amusement park song going though my head! Growing up in Chicago, I had two overall impressions of Indiana (which I never drove through until I moved to Pennsylvania): that annoying commercial and Indiana Dunes, the weirdest sand occurance by far. Lake Michigan doesn't equate with traditional beachgoing. I did always want to go to Indiana Beach, though.

Of course, when I finally did encounter vast amounts of Indiana via the turnpike in 1992, they had just released a new license plate. At 70 mph, Mom and I couldn't decipher the four work phrase on said plate, and we had a long debate about what it might be until we finally settled on "State Made of Corn." Imagine my disappointment when we finally stopped for lunch and saw "Amber Waves of Grain." Really, ours was more appropriate.
Friday, January 20, 2006 2:40:10 AM (GMT Standard Time, UTC+00:00)
Two comments on corn and the like:

1) We have learned through our instruction in proper agriculture terms through my employer that frequently when reading period farm journals (particularly early/immigrant journals) that "corn" refers to any number of grains that may have been planted (supporting your comments on European usage).

2) Purchasing popcorn to use to throw at a neighbor's house does NOT count as corning, not really. It makes a little delicate click click against the windows and walls, and then, of course, the disposal of the packaging isn't as rustic as tossing out the corn cobs and husks
Friday, January 20, 2006 5:36:24 PM (GMT Standard Time, UTC+00:00)
But, shouldn't you be *proud* to be a Hoosier? They even made a movie about you guys.
Saturday, January 21, 2006 5:11:15 PM (GMT Standard Time, UTC+00:00)
Aw nuts. A perfectly good reply destroyed...

Here in Ohio, there's a Sweetcorn Festival (in Millersport, by Buckeye Lake) where they serve some good sweet corn. Not "field corn" as its tough cousin is called.

You didn't even bring up the usage of "Indian corn" for the multi-colored version that's always trundled out (as decorations) in the fall. Is there any other use for it? I remember from elementary school being given the distinct impression that the multi-colored stuff was what the Indians grew (and stupidly called "maize" until the white man told them it was "corn").
Monday, January 23, 2006 9:57:58 AM (GMT Standard Time, UTC+00:00)
Yes, I got the same impression about "Indian corn": it's not edible but only useful for craft projects.

It does seem like the term "maize" comes from the Taino language (spoken in the west Indies by the native populations who were lucky enough to meet Columbus in 1492). It was adopted into Spanish, French, Italian and German by 1520, coming to English from Spanish .
Tuesday, January 24, 2006 4:54:14 PM (GMT Standard Time, UTC+00:00)
Then let me also throw in the "Watermelon-Sweet Corn Festival" in lovely scenic Mt. Vernon, Illinois, which I was honored to cover during my not-so-long stint as a journalist in that part of the world. This fantastic event served both items -- FREE -- on the town square. A strange pairing, to say the least...
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